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Pronouns you actually use (I / you / we)

Choose the right ‘you’, and get comfortable with the most common pronoun patterns.

What to know

These are the patterns that matter most at beginner level.

  • Jij/je = informal ‘you’. U = formal ‘you’.
  • Dutch is a V2 language: the finite verb is the 2nd element in main clauses.
  • Many verbs are separable: opstaan → Ik sta … op.
Waar woon je?
Where do you live?
Waar woont u?
Where do you live? (formal)
Ik ben hier.
I am here.
Ik wil water.
I want water.
Ik begrijp het niet.
I don't understand.
Spreek je Engels?
Do you speak English? (informal)
Waar is het toilet?
Where is the toilet?
Dit is mijn vriend.
This is my friend.

Practice tip

Take one sentence and swap the subject: I → you → we.

  • Say it slowly first, then at normal speed.
  • If the verb changes, learn the ‘you’ form as a pair.

Mini‑quiz

Mini-quiz
1/8 • Score: 0
Which sentence matches “Where do you live?”?